The Structure of the Transformer

The Structure of Transformer

The transformer consists of components such as coil windings (enamel-coated copper wire), a core (silicon steel sheets), and a flame-retardant frame. In most cases, the transformer also includes an outer casing, which primarily serves the functions of shielding and securing the internal components.

Typically, a transformer has a primary winding and one or more secondary windings, with the coils wound around the core. When alternating current (AC) is supplied to the primary winding, an electromagnetic field is generated, and as a result of electromagnetic induction, a voltage is induced in the secondary windings.

Transformer Principles:

When AC is applied to the primary winding of a transformer, it generates an alternating magnetic field around the secondary winding. The magnetic flux produced by the primary winding is mostly confined within the core (since the magnetic reluctance of the core is much lower than that of air). The secondary winding is also wound around the core, and as it cuts through the magnetic flux, an induced electromotive force (EMF) is generated. This results in a voltage output across the secondary winding. Regardless of the number of secondary windings wound on the core, each will cut through the magnetic flux, generating an induced EMF.